Gingival Biotype and Gingival Bioform: Determining Factors for Periodontal Disease Progression and Treatment Outcome

Oral tissues show different response and behavior to different oral diseases and treatment procedures. A clinically healthy periodontium has shown to have a varied phenotypic appearance differing from subject to subject. Several researchers, onlookers, academicians, and clinicians have tried to study in their ways about these different gingival entities. Apart from, various local factors, host response and individual host characteristics have been seen to play a central role. Gingival biotype and gingival bioform determined by factors such as crown width, crown length, gingival width, papilla height, gingival thickness, and significantly influence the disease progression as well as treatment outcome. This review describes and highlights these gingival parameters and the factors affecting it.